superantigen

superantigen
Antigens, mostly of microbial origin, that activate all T-lymphocytes that have a T-cell receptor with a particular V b sequence; as a consequence superantigens activate large numbers of T-cells. Are presented on MHC Class II but are not processed and though they bind with high affinity, not in the groove of the MHC molecule where peptides are normally bound. Presentation is not MHC-restricted. Staphylococcal enterotoxins are the best known superantigens and stimulate CD4+ T-cells in humans. The Mls gene product in mice can act as a self-superantigen.

Dictionary of molecular biology. 2004.

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